{"id":137897,"date":"2024-08-01T09:55:06","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T01:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/?p=137897"},"modified":"2024-08-01T09:55:06","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T01:55:06","slug":"%e9%a0%90%e6%b8%ac%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e7%b3%96%e5%b0%bf%e7%97%85%e7%9b%9b%e8%a1%8c%e7%8e%87%e5%b0%87%e6%8c%81%e7%ba%8c%e5%a2%9e%e5%8a%a0%e3%80%80%e4%b8%ad%e5%9c%8b%e9%86%ab%e8%97%a5%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/?p=137897","title":{"rendered":"\u9810\u6e2c\u5168\u7403\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u5c07\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u52a0\u3000\u4e2d\u570b\u91ab\u85e5\u5927\u5b78\u9ec3\u5f6c\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u53c3\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\u767b\u523a\u80f3\u91dd"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u8a18\u8005\u674e\u55ac\u667a\uff0f\u81fa\u4e2d\u5831\u5c0e<\/p>\n

\u300c\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u300d\u662f\u5168\u7403\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u548c\u6b98\u75be\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u8b70\u984c\uff1b\u4e2d\u570b\u91ab\u85e5\u5927\u5b78\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u5b78\u9662\u9ec3\u5f6c\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u517c\u9662\u9577\uff0c\u53c3\u8207\u7f8e\u570bInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation(IHME)\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4(GBD)\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u5718\u968a\u767c\u8868\u8abf\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e26\u9810\u6e2c\u52302050\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u520a\u767b\u570b\u969b\u671f\u520a\u300a\u523a\u80f3\u91ddLancet\u300b\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u5065\u5eb7\u7167\u8b77\u76f8\u95dc\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u570bInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4(GBD)\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u5718\u968a\u5728\u6bd4\u723e\u53ca\u6885\u7433\u9054\u2027\u84cb\u8328\u57fa\u91d1\u6703(Bill& Melinda Gates Foundation)\u7d93\u8cbb\u652f\u6301\u8207\u8d0a\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u50b7\u5bb3\u548c\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8b49\u64da\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7e6a\u88fd\u4e86\u5168\u7403204\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u65bc1990\u5e74\u81f32021\u5e74\u9593\u5728\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u548c\u8ca0\u64d4\u7684\u5730\u9ede\u3001\u5e74\u9f61\u548c\u6027\u5225\u4e26\u4f30\u8a082021\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u578b\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u8077\u696d\u56e0\u7d20(environmental and occupational factors)\u3001\u7159\u8349\u4f7f\u7528(tobacco use)\u3001\u9ad8\u9152\u7cbe\u4f7f\u7528(high alcohol use)\u3001\u9ad8\u9ad4\u91cd\u6307\u6578\uff08BMI\uff09\u3001\u98f2\u98df\u56e0\u7d20(dietary factors)\u548c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u904b\u52d5(low physical activity)\u4e4b\u53ef\u6b78\u56e0\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e26\u9810\u6e2c2050\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u7684\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n\u25b2\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4(GBD)\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u5de6\u4e8c\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u91ab\u85e5\u5927\u5b78\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u5b78\u9662\u9ec3\u5f6c\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u3002\uff08\u5716\uff0f\u4e2d\u570b\u91ab\u85e5\u5927\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u570bInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4(GBD)\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u5718\u968a\u767c\u8868\u570b\u969b\u671f\u520a\u300a\u523a\u80f3\u91ddLancet\u300b\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\u540d\u7a31\uff1a\u300cGBD 2021\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u30021990\u5e74\u81f32021\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u3001\u5340\u57df\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u52302050\u5e74\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\uff1a2021\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u5206\u6790\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u570b\u91ab\u85e5\u5927\u5b78\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u5b78\u9662\u9ec3\u5f6c\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u517c\u9662\u9577\u7372\u9080\u53c3\u8207(GBD)\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u5718\u968a\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c2021\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u7d04\u67095.29\u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u7f79\u60a3\u6709\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5e74\u9f61\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7e3d\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u7d04\u70ba6.1%\u3002\u5728\u8d85\u5340\u57df\u5c64\u7d1a(super-region level)\uff0c\u5317\u975e\u548c\u4e2d\u6771\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7d049.3%\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u5340\u5c64\u7d1a(regional level)\uff0c\u6fb3\u5927\u62c9\u897f\u4e9e\u6700\u9ad8\u7d0412.3%\u3002\u5728\u570b\u5bb6\u5c64\u7d1a(National level)\uff0c\u5361\u5854\u723e(Qatar)\u572875-79\u6b72\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u70ba76.1% (Figure 1)\u3002\u7e3d\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7d04\u4f54\u7e3d\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u75c5\u4f8b\u768496.0%\u548c\u5168\u7403\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u6b98\u75be\u8abf\u6574\u751f\u547d\u5e74(disability-adjusted life-years; DALYs)\u768495.4%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ec3\u5f6c\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5DALYs\u768452.2%\u53ef\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u9ad8BMI\u3002\u82e5\u81ea1990\u5e74\u81f32021\u5e74\u9593\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u9ad8BMI\u5c0d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5DALYs\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u589e\u52a0\u4e8624.3%\u3002\u52302050\u5e74\uff0c\u9810\u4f30\u5c07\u6709\u8d85\u904e13.1\u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u5c07\u7f79\u60a3\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\uff0c\u9810\u8a08\u5728\u5169\u500b\u8d85\u5340\u57df\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7e3d\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u5c07\u8d85\u904e10%\uff1a\u5317\u975e\u548c\u4e2d\u6771\u70ba16.8%\uff0c\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u548c\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u5340\u70ba11.3%\u3002\u5168\u7403204\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\u4e2d\u5c07\u670989\u500b\uff0843.6%\uff09\u5e74\u9f61\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7e3d\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u8d85\u904e10%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u74b0\u5883\u8207\u8077\u696d\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9ec3\u5f6c\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u4f54\u7e3d\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9810\u9632\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u53ca\u65e9\u767c\u73fe\u4e26\u9069\u5207\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5c07\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u96d6\u7136\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8b49\u64da\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u7387\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u591a\u91cd\u5371\u96aa\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f4e\u6c34\u679c\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u4f4e\u852c\u83dc\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u4f4e\u5168\u7a40\u7269\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u9ad8\u7d05\u8089\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u9ad8\u52a0\u5de5\u8089\u985e\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u9ad8\u7cd6\u98f2\u6599\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u4f4e\u7e96\u7dad\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u904b\u52d5\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5c0e\u81f4\u80a5\u80d6\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\u6240\u8a98\u767c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4(GBD)\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u5718\u968a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u9810\u9632\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff1b\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u80fd\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u8ca0\u64d4\u4e4b\u53ef\u6b78\u56e0\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u591a\u91cd\u4e14\u8907\u96dc\u8a98\u767c\u56e0\u7d20\u5982\u7a7a\u6c23\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u56fa\u9ad4\u71c3\u6599\u71c3\u71d2\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5ba4\u5167\u7a7a\u6c23\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u5438\u7159\u3001\u4e8c\u624b\u7159\u3001\u9ad8\u9152\u7cbe\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u9ad8BMI\u3001\u9ad8\u6c23\u6eab\u548c\u4f4e\u6c23\u6eab\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4eba\u3001\u56e0\u6642\u3001\u56e0\u5730\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u9810\u9632\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5168\u6c11\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u8a18\u8005\u674e\u55ac\u667a\uff0f\u81fa\u4e2d\u5831\u5c0e \u300c\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u300d\u662f\u5168\u7403\u4e3b\u8981\u7684<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":137898,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[423],"class_list":["post-137897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-life","tag-423","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=137897"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137897\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/137898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=137897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=137897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gothe.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=137897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}